Piriformis is a muscle located in the buttocks. The muscle extends from the surface of the pelvis at the base of the spine down to the bony bump at the upper part of the thighbone. Piriformis syndrome happens when the muscle compresses part of the sciatic nerve which runs from the lower back and down the leg. That causes pain and symptoms like tingling and numbness. The pain can be aggravated by prolong sitting, walking and running. Pain can also get triggered with hip flexion, adduction, and internal rotation.
Additional symptoms may or may not be experienced are, dull achy or sharp shooting groin pain. Patient might have trouble passing urine, or reduce urinary sensation, and inability to control bowel movements.
Physical therapy for piriformis syndrome focuses on reducing pain, improving muscle function, & preventing recurrence through targeted exercises & manual therapy. Treatment often includes, stretching, & strengthening exercises for the piriformis and surrounding hip muscles. Treatments also include myofascial releases, addressing posture, movement patterns, and lifestyle modifications that may help to prevent recurrence of the symptoms.